Initiating transfers
API reference for Transfer initiation endpoints
| Initiating Transfers | |
|---|---|
/transfer/authorization/create | Create a transfer authorization |
/transfer/create | Create a transfer |
/transfer/cancel | Cancel a transfer |
/transfer/authorization/create
Create a transfer authorization
Use the /transfer/authorization/create endpoint to authorize a transfer. This endpoint must be called prior to calling /transfer/create.
There are three possible outcomes to calling this endpoint: If the authorization.decision in the response is declined, the proposed transfer has failed the risk check and you cannot proceed with the transfer. If the authorization.decision is approved, and the authorization.rationale_code is null, the transfer has passed the risk check and you can proceed to call /transfer/create. If the authorization.decision is approved and the authorization.rationale_code is non-null, the risk check could not be run: you may proceed with the transfer, but should perform your own risk evaluation. For more details, see the response schema.
In Plaid's Sandbox environment the decisions will be returned as follows:
- To approve a transfer with null rationale code, make an authorization request with an amount less than the available balance in the account.
- To approve a transfer with the rationale code MANUALLY_VERIFIED_ITEM, create an Item in Link through the Same Day Micro-deposits flow.
- To approve a transfer with the rationale code ITEM_LOGIN_REQUIRED, reset the login for an Item.
- To decline a transfer with the rationale code NSF, the available balance on the account must be less than the authorization amount. See Create Sandbox test data for details on how to customize data in Sandbox.
- To decline a transfer with the rationale code RISK, the available balance on the account must be exactly $0. See Create Sandbox test data for details on how to customize data in Sandbox.
Request fields and example
client_idclient_id. The client_id is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-CLIENT-ID header or as part of a request body.secretsecret. The secret is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-SECRET header or as part of a request body.access_tokenaccess_token for the account that will be debited or credited.account_idaccount_id corresponding to the end-user account that will be debited or credited.funding_account_idfunding_account_ids in the Accounts page of your Plaid Dashboard, under the "Account ID" column. If this field is left blank and you are using legacy funding methods, this will default to the default funding_account_id specified during onboarding. Otherwise, Plaid Ledger will be used.typedebit or credit. A debit indicates a transfer of money into the origination account; a credit indicates a transfer of money out of the origination account.debit, creditnetworkFor transfers submitted as
ach, the next-day cutoff is 5:30 PM Eastern Time.For transfers submitted as
same-day-ach, the same-day cutoff is 3:30 PM Eastern Time. If the transfer is submitted after this cutoff but before the next-day cutoff, it will be sent over next-day rails and will not incur same-day charges; this will apply to both legs of the transfer if applicable.For transfers submitted as
rtp, Plaid will automatically route between Real Time Payment rail by TCH or FedNow rails as necessary. If a transfer is submitted as rtp and the counterparty account is not eligible for RTP, the /transfer/authorization/create request will fail with an INVALID_FIELD error code. To pre-check to determine whether a counterparty account can support RTP, call /transfer/capabilities/get before calling /transfer/authorization/create.ach, same-day-ach, rtp, wireamount/transfer/authorization/create, specify the maximum amount to authorize. When calling /transfer/create, specify the exact amount of the transfer, up to a maximum of the amount authorized. If this field is left blank when calling /transfer/create, the maximum amount authorized in the authorization_id will be sent.ach_classCodes supported for credits:
ccd, ppd
Codes supported for debits: ccd, tel, web"ccd" - Corporate Credit or Debit - fund transfer between two corporate bank accounts"ppd" - Prearranged Payment or Deposit - the transfer is part of a pre-existing relationship with a consumer, e.g. bill payment"tel" - Telephone-Initiated Entry"web" - Internet-Initiated Entry - debits from a consumer’s account where their authorization is obtained over the Internetccd, ppd, tel, webwire_detailsmessage_to_beneficiaryuseruser.legal_name field is required. Other fields are not currently used and are present to support planned future functionality.legal_namephone_numberemail_addressaddressstreetcityregionpostal_codecountrydeviceip_addressuser_agentiso_currency_codeidempotency_keyThe API supports idempotency for safely retrying requests without accidentally performing the same operation twice. For example, if a request to create an authorization fails due to a network connection error, you can retry the request with the same idempotency key to guarantee that only a single authorization is created.
This idempotency key expires after 48 hours, after which the same key can be reused. Failure to provide this key may result in duplicate charges.
50 user_presenttrue; for automatic recurring payments where the end user is not actually initiating each individual transfer, it should be false. This field is not currently used and is present to support planned future functionality.originator_client_idtest_clock_idsandbox environment. If provided, the authorization is created at the virtual_time on the provided test clock.1const request: TransferAuthorizationCreateRequest = {2 access_token: 'access-sandbox-71e02f71-0960-4a27-abd2-5631e04f2175',3 account_id: '3gE5gnRzNyfXpBK5wEEKcymJ5albGVUqg77gr',4 type: 'debit',5 network: 'ach',6 amount: '12.34',7 ach_class: 'ppd',8 user: {9 legal_name: 'Anne Charleston',10 },11};1213try {14 const response = await client.transferAuthorizationCreate(request);15 const authorizationId = response.data.authorization.id;16} catch (error) {17 // handle error18}Response fields and example
authorizationidcreated2006-01-02T15:04:05Z.date-time decisionapproved – The proposed transfer has received the end user's consent and has been approved for processing by Plaid. The decision_rationale field is set if Plaid was unable to fetch the account information. You may proceed with the transfer, but further review is recommended (i.e., use Link in update to re-authenticate your user when decision_rationale.code is ITEM_LOGIN_REQUIRED). Refer to the code field in the decision_rationale object for details.declined – Plaid reviewed the proposed transfer and declined processing. Refer to the code field in the decision_rationale object for details.approved, declineddecision_rationaledeclined decisions, and may or may not be null for approved decisions.codeIf the
rationale_code is null, the transfer passed the authorization check.Any non-
null value for an approved transfer indicates that the the authorization check could not be run and that you should perform your own risk assessment on the transfer. The code will indicate why the check could not be run. Possible values for an approved transfer are:MANUALLY_VERIFIED_ITEM – Item created via same-day micro deposits, limited information available.ITEM_LOGIN_REQUIRED – Unable to collect the account information due to Item staleness. Can be resolved by using Link in update mode.MIGRATED_ACCOUNT_ITEM - Item created via /transfer/account_migration endpoint, limited information available.ERROR – Unable to collect the account information due to an unspecified error.The following codes indicate that the authorization decision was
declined:NSF – Transaction likely to result in a return due to insufficient funds.RISK - Transaction is high-risk.TRANSFER_LIMIT_REACHED - One or several transfer limits are reached, e.g. monthly transfer limit.NSF, RISK, TRANSFER_LIMIT_REACHED, MANUALLY_VERIFIED_ITEM, ITEM_LOGIN_REQUIRED, PAYMENT_PROFILE_LOGIN_REQUIRED, ERROR, MIGRATED_ACCOUNT_ITEM, nulldescriptionpayment_riskbank_initiated_return _scoreThe score evaluates the transaction return risk because an account is overdrawn or because an ineligible account is used and covers return codes: "R01", "R02", "R03", "R04", "R06", "R08", "R09", "R13", "R16", "R17", "R20", "R23". These returns have a turnaround time of 2 banking days.
1 99 customer_initiated _return_scoreThe score evaluates the transaction return risk of an unauthorized debit and covers return codes: "R05", "R07", "R10", "R11", "R29". These returns typically have a return time frame of up to 60 calendar days. During this period, the customer of financial institutions can dispute a transaction as unauthorized.
1 99 risk_levelHIGH_RISK, MEDIUM_HIGH_RISK, MEDIUM_RISK, MEDIUM_LOW_RISK, LOW_RISKwarningswarning_typewarning_codeITEM_LOGIN_REQUIRED warning, we recommend re-authenticating your user by implementing Link's update mode. This will guide your user to fix their credentials, allowing Plaid to start fetching data again for future Signal requests.warning_messageproposed_transferach_classCodes supported for credits:
ccd, ppd
Codes supported for debits: ccd, tel, web"ccd" - Corporate Credit or Debit - fund transfer between two corporate bank accounts"ppd" - Prearranged Payment or Deposit - the transfer is part of a pre-existing relationship with a consumer, e.g. bill payment"tel" - Telephone-Initiated Entry"web" - Internet-Initiated Entry - debits from a consumer’s account where their authorization is obtained over the Internetccd, ppd, tel, webaccount_idaccount_id for the account that will be debited or credited.funding_account_idtypedebit or credit. A debit indicates a transfer of money into the origination account; a credit indicates a transfer of money out of the origination account.debit, credituserlegal_namephone_numberemail_addressaddressstreetcityregionpostal_codecountryamount/transfer/authorization/create, specify the maximum amount to authorize. When calling /transfer/create, specify the exact amount of the transfer, up to a maximum of the amount authorized. If this field is left blank when calling /transfer/create, the maximum amount authorized in the authorization_id will be sent.networkwire_detailsmessage_to_beneficiaryiso_currency_codeoriginator_client_idcredit_funds_sourceSpecifies the source of funds for the transfer. Only valid for
credit transfers, and defaults to sweep if not specified. This field is not specified for debit transfers.sweep - Sweep funds from your funding account
prefunded_rtp_credits - Use your prefunded RTP credit balance with Plaid
prefunded_ach_credits - Use your prefunded ACH credit balance with Plaidsweep, prefunded_rtp_credits, prefunded_ach_credits, nullrequest_id1{2 "authorization": {3 "id": "460cbe92-2dcc-8eae-5ad6-b37d0ec90fd9",4 "created": "2020-08-06T17:27:15Z",5 "decision": "approved",6 "decision_rationale": null,7 "guarantee_decision": null,8 "guarantee_decision_rationale": null,9 "payment_risk": null,10 "proposed_transfer": {11 "ach_class": "ppd",12 "account_id": "3gE5gnRzNyfXpBK5wEEKcymJ5albGVUqg77gr",13 "funding_account_id": "8945fedc-e703-463d-86b1-dc0607b55460",14 "type": "credit",15 "user": {16 "legal_name": "Anne Charleston",17 "phone_number": "510-555-0128",18 "email_address": "acharleston@email.com",19 "address": {20 "street": "123 Main St.",21 "city": "San Francisco",22 "region": "CA",23 "postal_code": "94053",24 "country": "US"25 }26 },27 "amount": "12.34",28 "network": "ach",29 "iso_currency_code": "USD",30 "origination_account_id": "",31 "originator_client_id": null,32 "credit_funds_source": "sweep"33 }34 },35 "request_id": "saKrIBuEB9qJZno"36}Was this helpful?
/transfer/create
Create a transfer
Use the /transfer/create endpoint to initiate a new transfer.
Request fields and example
client_idclient_id. The client_id is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-CLIENT-ID header or as part of a request body.secretsecret. The secret is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-SECRET header or as part of a request body.access_tokenaccess_token for the account that will be debited or credited.account_idaccount_id corresponding to the end-user account that will be debited or credited.authorization_idamount/transfer/authorization/create, specify the maximum amount to authorize. When calling /transfer/create, specify the exact amount of the transfer, up to a maximum of the amount authorized. If this field is left blank when calling /transfer/create, the maximum amount authorized in the authorization_id will be sent.descriptiondescription field must be "Retry 1" or "Retry 2" to indicate that it's a retry of a previously returned transfer. You may retry a transfer up to 2 times, within 180 days of creating the original transfer. Only transfers that were returned with code R01 or R09 may be retried. For a full listing of ACH return codes, see Transfer errors.15 metadatatest_clock_idsandbox environment. If provided, the transfer is created at the virtual_time on the provided test_clock.facilitator_feetransfer.amount and distribute to the platform’s Ledger balance as a facilitator fee (decimal string with two digits of precision e.g. "10.00"). The remainder will go to the end-customer’s Ledger balance. This must be less than or equal to the transfer.amount.1const request: TransferCreateRequest = {2 access_token: 'access-sandbox-71e02f71-0960-4a27-abd2-5631e04f2175',3 account_id: '3gE5gnRzNyfXpBK5wEEKcymJ5albGVUqg77gr',4 description: 'payment',5 authorization_id: '231h012308h3101z21909sw',6};7try {8 const response = await client.transferCreate(request);9 const transfer = response.data.transfer;10} catch (error) {11 // handle error12}Response fields and example
transferidauthorization_idach_classCodes supported for credits:
ccd, ppd
Codes supported for debits: ccd, tel, web"ccd" - Corporate Credit or Debit - fund transfer between two corporate bank accounts"ppd" - Prearranged Payment or Deposit - the transfer is part of a pre-existing relationship with a consumer, e.g. bill payment"tel" - Telephone-Initiated Entry"web" - Internet-Initiated Entry - debits from a consumer’s account where their authorization is obtained over the Internetccd, ppd, tel, webaccount_idaccount_id corresponding to the end-user account that will be debited or credited.funding_account_idtypedebit or credit. A debit indicates a transfer of money into the origination account; a credit indicates a transfer of money out of the origination account.debit, credituserlegal_namephone_numberemail_addressaddressstreetcityregionpostal_codecountryamount/transfer/authorization/create, specify the maximum amount to authorize. When calling /transfer/create, specify the exact amount of the transfer, up to a maximum of the amount authorized. If this field is left blank when calling /transfer/create, the maximum amount authorized in the authorization_id will be sent.descriptioncreated2006-01-02T15:04:05Zdate-time statuspending: A new transfer was created; it is in the pending state.
posted: The transfer has been successfully submitted to the payment network.
settled: Credits are available to be withdrawn or debits have been deducted from the Plaid linked account.
cancelled: The transfer was cancelled by the client.
failed: The transfer failed, no funds were moved.
returned: A posted transfer was returned.pending, posted, settled, cancelled, failed, returnedsweep_statusunswept: The transfer hasn't been swept yet.
swept: The transfer was swept to the sweep account.
swept_settled: Credits are available to be withdrawn or debits have been deducted from the customer’s business checking account.
return_swept: The transfer was returned, funds were pulled back or pushed back to the sweep account.
null: The transfer will never be swept (e.g. if the transfer is cancelled or returned before being swept)null, unswept, swept, swept_settled, return_sweptnetworkFor transfers submitted as
ach, the next-day cutoff is 5:30 PM Eastern Time.For transfers submitted as
same-day-ach, the same-day cutoff is 3:30 PM Eastern Time. If the transfer is submitted after this cutoff but before the next-day cutoff, it will be sent over next-day rails and will not incur same-day charges; this will apply to both legs of the transfer if applicable.For transfers submitted as
rtp, Plaid will automatically route between Real Time Payment rail by TCH or FedNow rails as necessary. If a transfer is submitted as rtp and the counterparty account is not eligible for RTP, the /transfer/authorization/create request will fail with an INVALID_FIELD error code. To pre-check to determine whether a counterparty account can support RTP, call /transfer/capabilities/get before calling /transfer/authorization/create.ach, same-day-ach, rtp, wirewire_detailsmessage_to_beneficiarycancellabletrue, you can still cancel this transfer.failure_reason"failed" or "returned". Null value otherwise.ach_return_codeR01. A return code will be provided if and only if the transfer status is returned. For a full listing of ACH return codes, see Transfer errors.descriptionmetadataiso_currency_codestandard_return_windowdate unauthorized_return _windowdate expected_settlement _datedate originator_client_idrefundsidtransfer_idamountstatuspending: A new refund was created; it is in the pending state.
posted: The refund has been successfully submitted to the payment network.
settled: Credits have been refunded to the Plaid linked account.
cancelled: The refund was cancelled by the client.
failed: The refund has failed.
returned: The refund was returned.pending, posted, cancelled, failed, settled, returnedfailure_reason"failed" or "returned". Null value otherwise.ach_return_codeR01. A return code will be provided if and only if the refund status is returned. For a full listing of ACH return codes, see Transfer errors.descriptioncreated2006-01-02T15:04:05Zdate-time network_trace_idFor
ach or same-day-ach transfers, this is the ACH trace number.
For wire transfers, this is the IMAD (Input Message Accountability Data) number.
The field will remain null for transfers on other rails.recurring_transfer_idexpected_sweep _settlement_schedulereturned. Only applies to ACH debit transfers.sweep_settlement_datedate swept_settled_amountsweep_settlement_date.credit_funds_sourceSpecifies the source of funds for the transfer. Only valid for
credit transfers, and defaults to sweep if not specified. This field is not specified for debit transfers.sweep - Sweep funds from your funding account
prefunded_rtp_credits - Use your prefunded RTP credit balance with Plaid
prefunded_ach_credits - Use your prefunded ACH credit balance with Plaidsweep, prefunded_rtp_credits, prefunded_ach_credits, nullfacilitator_feetransfer.amount and distribute to the platform’s Ledger balance as a facilitator fee (decimal string with two digits of precision e.g. "10.00"). The remainder will go to the end-customer’s Ledger balance. This must be less than or equal to the transfer.amount.network_trace_idFor
ach or same-day-ach transfers, this is the ACH trace number.
For wire transfers, this is the IMAD (Input Message Accountability Data) number.
The field will remain null for transfers on other rails.request_id1{2 "transfer": {3 "id": "460cbe92-2dcc-8eae-5ad6-b37d0ec90fd9",4 "authorization_id": "c9f90aa1-2949-c799-e2b6-ea05c89bb586",5 "ach_class": "ppd",6 "account_id": "3gE5gnRzNyfXpBK5wEEKcymJ5albGVUqg77gr",7 "funding_account_id": "8945fedc-e703-463d-86b1-dc0607b55460",8 "type": "credit",9 "user": {10 "legal_name": "Anne Charleston",11 "phone_number": "510-555-0128",12 "email_address": "acharleston@email.com",13 "address": {14 "street": "123 Main St.",15 "city": "San Francisco",16 "region": "CA",17 "postal_code": "94053",18 "country": "US"19 }20 },21 "amount": "12.34",22 "description": "payment",23 "created": "2020-08-06T17:27:15Z",24 "refunds": [],25 "status": "pending",26 "network": "ach",27 "cancellable": true,28 "guarantee_decision": null,29 "guarantee_decision_rationale": null,30 "failure_reason": null,31 "metadata": {32 "key1": "value1",33 "key2": "value2"34 },35 "origination_account_id": "",36 "iso_currency_code": "USD",37 "standard_return_window": "2023-08-07",38 "unauthorized_return_window": "2023-10-07",39 "expected_settlement_date": "2023-08-04",40 "originator_client_id": "569ed2f36b3a3a021713abc1",41 "recurring_transfer_id": null,42 "credit_funds_source": "sweep",43 "facilitator_fee": "1.23",44 "network_trace_id": null45 },46 "request_id": "saKrIBuEB9qJZno"47}Was this helpful?
/transfer/cancel
Cancel a transfer
Use the /transfer/cancel endpoint to cancel a transfer. A transfer is eligible for cancellation if the cancellable property returned by /transfer/get is true.
Request fields and example
client_idclient_id. The client_id is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-CLIENT-ID header or as part of a request body.secretsecret. The secret is required and may be provided either in the PLAID-SECRET header or as part of a request body.transfer_id1const request: TransferCancelRequest = {2 transfer_id: '123004561178933',3};4try {5 const response = await plaidClient.transferCancel(request);6 const request_id = response.data.request_id;7} catch (error) {8 // handle error9}Response fields and example
request_id1{2 "request_id": "saKrIBuEB9qJZno"3}